The Changing Tax Law: Timeline for 2001 and 2003 Tax Act

 

The 2001 Tax Act and the 2003 Tax Act contained significant tax law changes that phase in and out over the coming years. All changes end in 2011 and the rules revert to the pre-2001 Tax Act rules, unless Congress again changes the law. To make your tax planning most effective, keep an eye on the calendar to see when various tax breaks begin and end. Use the timeline below to help you keep track of year-by-year changes in the main areas affected by these laws.

  Capital Gains (Long-term)
 
 
Provision
Prior
Law
2001
2002
2003
(1/1-5/5)
2003
( 5/6-12/31)
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Top tax rate for lower-bracket taxpayers
10%
5%
0%
10%
Top tax rate for all other taxpayers
20%
15%
20%
 
  Children  
Provision
Prior
Law
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Child tax credit
$500
$600
$1,000
$700
$800
$1,000
Adoption credit
$5,000
$10,000
Limit indexed for inflation
Expenses for dependent care credit
For 1: Up to $2,400
For 2 or more: Up to $4,800
For 1: Up to $3,000
For 2 or more: Up to $6,000
Dependent care credit
Up to 30%
Up to 35%
Credit for employer-provided child care facilities
N/A
25% up to a maximum $150,000 per year
 
  Dividends  
Provision
Prior
Law
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Top rate for lower bracket taxpayers
Ordinary income rates
5%
0%
Ordinary income rates
All other taxpayers
Ordinary income rates
15%
Ordinary income rates
 
  Education  
Provision
Prior
Law
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Annual contribution limit for education savings accounts (Education IRAs)
 
 
 
$500
$2,000
Income phase-out range for education savings accounts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Single:$95,000 - $110,000
Joint: $150,000 - $160,000
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Single:$95,000 - $110,000
Joint: $190,000 - $220,000
Tax-free withdrawals for education savings accounts
For higher education expenses
 
 
 
 
For elementary, secondary, and higher education expenses
Above-the-line deduction for higher education expenses (subject to income limitations)
N/A
$3,000
(income limit $65,000 singles, $130,000 joint filers)
$4,000
(income limit $65,000 singles, $130,000 joint filers)

$2,000
(income limit $80,000 singles, $160,000 joint filers)
N/A
Tax-free withdrawals from Section 529 plans
N/A
For state plans only
 
 
 
For both state and private plans
 
  Estate Tax  
Provision
Prior
Law
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Top rate
55%
50%
49%
48%
47%
46%
 
 
45%
Repealed
Exemption amount
$675,000
$1 Million
 
$1.5 Million
 
 
$2 Million
$3.5 Million
Repealed
 
  Income Tax Rates  
Provision
Prior
Law
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
10% tax bracket
N/A
Singles - $6,000
Couples - $12,000
Heads of household - $10,000
Singles - $7,000
Couples - $14,000
Singles - $6,000
Couples - $12,000
Singles - $7,000
Couples - $14,000
Tax rates
 
15%
28%
27.5%
27%
25%
31%
30.5%
30%
28%
36%
35.5%
35%
33%
39.6%
39.1%
38.6%
 
 
35%
Limit on itemized deductions
Itemized deductions are limited for higher-income taxpayers
Limit reduced by 1/3
Limit reduced by 2/3
Limit repealed
Personal exemption phase-out
  Personal exemptions are phased out for higher-income taxpayers
Phase-out reduced by 1/3
Phase-out reduced by 2/3
Phase-out repealed
AMT exemption
$33,750 Single
$45,000 Joint
$35,750 Single
$49,000 Married filing jointly
$40,250 Single
$58,000 Married filing jointly
$33,750 Single
$45,000 Married filing jointly
 
  Marriage Penalty  
Provision
Prior
Law
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Increase standard deduction for married couples to twice the deduction for singles
Married couples standard deduction as a percent of the standard deduction for singles:
167%
200%
174%
184%
187%
190%
 
200%
Increase size of 15% bracket for married couples to twice the size of the 15% bracket for singles
15% tax bracket for married couples as a percent of the 15% bracket for singles:
167%
200%
180%
187%
193%
200%
 
  Retirement  
Provision
Prior
Law
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
IRA contribution limit
$2,000
$3,000
$4,000
$5,000
Limit indexed for inflation
IRA 50 & older catch-up contribution
N/A
$500
$1,000
401(k) deferral limit
$10,500
$11,000
$12,000
$13,000
$14,000
$15,000
 
 
 
Limit indexed for inflation
401(k) 50 & older catch-up deferral
N/A
$1,000
$2,000
$3,000
$4,000
$5,000
Limit indexed for inflation
SIMPLE deferral limit
 
$6,500
$7,000
$8,000
$9,000
$10,000
 
 
 
 
Limit indexed for inflation
SIMPLE 50 & older catch-up deferral
N/A
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
Limit indexed for inflation
Tax credit for lower-income contributors to plans
N/A
From 10% to 50% of the first $2,000 contributed
 
 
 
N/A
Roth option for 401(k) plans
N/A
Permitted
Employers may establish "deemed IRAs" within the company's retirement plan
N/A
Permitted